By "El Huaso" for Borderland Beat
 |
| Some of the released men on 9/16/23. Image: La Voz de Michoacan |
Showing posts with label Autodefensas. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Autodefensas. Show all posts
Sunday, September 24, 2023
26 Alleged Autodefensas, Previously Arrested as "CJNG Members", Released After Lack of Evidence in Michoacán
Thursday, November 28, 2019
Cemei Verdia, Former Autodefensa, Ambushed In Colima
Translated by Valor for Borderland Beat
The death of the former leader of the autodefensas
of the Sierra-Costa of Michoacán, Cemeí Verdia Zepeda, was reported on Thursday
night. He was reportedly being
transferred to a hospital in Jalisco after being ambushed in Colima by armed
subjects.
Updated 11/29
Through social networks and on his official
account, reports arose about the ambush in which he was seriously injured. He was immediately transferred to a hospital
to receive first aid, however, unofficial sources confirmed the death of the
autodefensa, who since 2012, rose up in arms with a group of residents of the
Sierra-Costa of Michoacán to defend their territory from organized crime
groups.
Other close sources have reported that he is still
alive but in serious condition.
Subsequently, the autodefensa movements of José
Manuel Mireles Valverde and Hipólito Mora in the Tierra Caliente region began.
A month ago, Verdia Zepeda denounced on national
media that there is still an insecurity crisis in the coastal zone and the
Tierra Caliente region of Michoacán and that violent acts such as murders and
clashes between cartels have increased in recent months.
Saturday, July 28, 2018
Municipalities in Morelos Establish Their Own Autodefensas
Translated by Valor for Borderland Beat
The first
six months of 2018 became the most violent so far for the Enrique Peña Nieto
administration. From January to June of this
year, there were 13,738 murders. This
figure meant that, on average, 76.32 daily homicides were committed in the
country, according to the data of the Secretariado Ejecutivo del Sistema
Nacional de Seguridad Pública (SESNSP) (Executive Secretariat of the National
Public Security) with a cutoff date of June 2018.
Fed up with
this type of violence, kidnappings, extortion from organized crime, and the
lack of response from authorities, residents of Tlalnepantla, Yautepec and
Atlatlahucan decided to form their own autodefensas.
Mexico City, July 20, 2018— Residents of Tlalnepantla,
Yautepec and Atlatlahucan, Morelos announced the creation of autodefensas in
order to confront violence, kidnappings, and extortion from organized crime.
“Many (criminal) cells arrived to charge quotas
and to kidnap,” a member of this community police that maintains a checkpoint
at the entrance to the municipality of Tlalnepantla told EFE.
Fed up with this type of attack and the lack of
response from the authorities, the Morelenses
decided to form a community police, he explained.
Monday, March 26, 2018
“For The Future Of The Children”: ‘Alfa’, In The Community Guard
Article By: Iván Sanchez | Translated by Valor for Borderland Beat
Their participation
began with the preparation of food for the members of the guards, then they
took up arms to reinforce security— they are the women of the United Communities.
On the 6th
Anniversary of the United Communities of the municipality of Los Reyes, Michoacán,
Revolución 3.0 Michoacán had the
opportunity to talk with Alfa, a member of the guard of the community of
Cherato.
Alfa, is the code name that
she receives within the community guard, which was integrated from the threat
of organized crime after they seized the avocado orchards of the community.
Tuesday, May 9, 2017
VIDEO: Dr. Mireles Describes Agreements Made With the Government
By: Ernesto Martínez Elorriaga | Translated
by Valor for Borderland Beat
Morelia, Michoacán—A video message recorded in April
2014 by the former leader of the autodefensas, José Manuel Mireles Valverde, was
released in social networks. The video
message was intended to be spread after his death. According to Mireles, organized crime groups,
federal and state governments, and even his wife, intended to eliminate him.
Some parts of the message had already been
released, however on the Grillonautas2 YouTube channel, the entire video, with
a duration of 46 minutes, was released where it is clarified that Mireles lost
all the support of the federal government after taking Tancítaro with a group
of autodefensas, on November, 16, 2013.
In early November 2013, Mireles says, he met with
several federal officials in Mexico City, including Miguel Ángel Osorio Chong
and the director of the Center for Research and National Security (CISEN), who
approved his proposals:
To clean up organized crime throughout Michoacán; restoring
the rule of law; liberate all imprisoned autodefensas; to appoint a single
spokesperson on behalf of all autodefensa groups, which would be Mireles, and
the arrest of 20 organized crime leaders, of which seven main ones operated in
the region of Tepalcatepec, from which Mireles was born.
He said that there was an unwritten agreement whereby
the federal government committed to provide them with an armored unit, and “another
agreement: that we would no longer move to other municipalities,” and in the
case that they would progress to other municipalities, it would have to be
jointly with the federal government.
At that meeting, Mireles said that he planned to
take Los Reyes, Aquila, Coahuayana, Uruapan, Ario de Rosales and Apatzingán. They asked him to wait a week. There was no response. “We chose to take Tancítaro (November 16,
2013) in response to the request for help.
The day we decided to enter, the body of a seven-year-old girl, the
daughter of an avocado farmer, appeared and her nine-year-old sister disappeared,
even though they had paid 23 million pesos.”
Tuesday, May 2, 2017
“Those of us who defended ourselves are imprisoned, those who did not, [are] dead or disappeared,” Mireles Says in New Audio
 |
| Dr. Mireles |
Translated by Valor for
Borderland Beat
The autodefensa leader, José Manuel Mireles, recorded a new audio in
which he demands to the government justice for defending his people “those who
did not, those who did not defend themselves, are appearing in clandestine
graves that are being discovered throughout the Mexican terrain, for having
waited for the institutions instituted to provide security and protection, to
do their job,” he said.
Mexico City, Mexico.
April 28, 2017– The founder of the autodefensas in Michoacán, José Manuel
Mireles Valverde, who is imprisoned in CEFERESO #4 in Nayarit, broadcasted an
audio in which he demands justice from the Secretariat of the Interior (SEGOB),
National Human Rights Commission (CNDH), and the Supreme Court of Justice of
the Nation (SCJN).
Likewise, Dr. Mireles questions
these government bodies, as well as “the other rich people” to explain their
definition of justice, since Mireles, like other autodefensas, “for having used
our constitutional right to self-defense.”
“We humbly ask them to explain
to us, as a people that we are, what is their true definition of justice? Because those of us who defend ourselves from
being murdered are imprisoned for defending ourselves, and those of us who waited
for justice to be administered are dead and buried,” he says.
The leader explained that
“those who did not, those who did not defend themselves, are appearing in
clandestine graves that are being discovered throughout the Mexican terrain,
for having waited for the institutions instituted to provide security and
protection, to do their job, to do their justice, what they never did,” the leader
explained.
Mireles demanded
justice for all those who, like him, sought justice by their own means, and not
only for “the murderers of the nation.”
“Justice only applies
for the benefit of the political class and the rulers, the law only applies to
the most fucked people in Mexico, which are us, the majority, and that we are
all innocent of which we are accused of, with some exceptions.”
Wednesday, March 22, 2017
Protected By Autodefensas, Students Return To School in San Miguel Totolapan
Translated by Valor for
Borderland Beat
Guerrero— Protected by
autodefensas, students from San Miguel Totolapan returned to school on Monday,
March 20, after schools at different educational levels (preschool, primary,
secondary, and upper secondary) closed for three months because of the presence
of the criminal group “Los Tequileros”.
According to
information from the newspaper El Sur,
autodefensa members known as “Movimiento de La Paz” are responsible for
protecting students.
Federal and state
authorities have been ignorant of the problem of violence and insecurity
experienced by the inhabitants of the municipality, so that neither members of
the different state police units nor the Mexican Army have been present to
provide protection in the area.
In the municipal seat,
there are three kindergartens, three primary schools, two secondary and upper
secondary schools, some of which have closed their doors since January for fear
of Los Tequileros.
And this criminal group
is the main perpetrator of the kidnappings, extortions, and homicides that have
been registered during the last three years in the Tierra Caliente region in
Guerrero.
Therefore, autodefensa
members have been responsible for providing protection not only to the
students, but also to the teachers and workers of these institutions.
Wednesday, October 26, 2016
Michoacán: Aquila Autodefensas Retake Up Arms; Government Denies It
 |
| Archive Photo |
Translated by Valor for Borderland Beat
Due to recent
violence and the neglect from state and federal authorities in the region,
residents of the municipality of Aquila retook up arms, almost three years
after the emergence of the autodefensas.
In an interview
conducted by Noventa Grados Radio,
the leader of the autodefensas in Aquila, Semeí Verdía Zepeda, stated that in
less than a month, there have been three assassinations, two of which were
tortured and burned, as well as an ambush against municipal police.
The extreme violence
with which have been carried out by criminals and the lack of capacity of the
municipal police to ensure the security in the municipality, have forced people
to take up arms, Verdía Zepeda said.
The leader of the
autodefensas said that neither the state nor the federal governments turn to
take a look at the coastal region, as it is its duty to ensure the safety of
the state, but also acknowledged that it is the work of the three levels of government.
Semeí Verdía said that
the municipal police alone can’t handle the problem of insecurity, so that’s
why the civilians will help them, because organized crime forces them to be on
alert.
He also expressed the
full willingness of the people to cooperate with the authority if it approaches
them and asks them, but this has not happened, and instead has kept Aquila
outside of security and social actions.
Michoacán Government Denies Autodefensas Retook Up Arms
Friday, July 29, 2016
29 Autodefensas Might Be Released To Continue Their Criminal Proceedings Liberated
By:
Sayra Casillas Mendoza | Translated by Valor for Borderland Beat
Morelia,
Michoacán— The Sixth District Judge located in Uruapan decided to modify the
precautionary measure of pretrial detention for 29 Tumbiscatío autodefensas, so
they may be able to continue their criminal proceedings while they are freed if
they meet the five new precautionary measures imposed on them.
Such
measures to be met are:
- To not leave the state
- To not meet with armed groups
- Present themselves to the court to sign once a month
- Posting bail: 120,000 pesos ($6,399 USD)
- To not approach witnesses
In an interview with Cambio
de Michoacán, the lawyer of this group of autodefensas, Ignacio Mendoza
Jiménez, considered bail to be a very high amount of money, so he anticipates a
possible appeal.
He added that he would ask
the governor, Silvano Aureoles Conejo, to give these people the same amount of
compensation (90,000 pesos ($4,799 USD) granted in February to former
autodefensas to have the possibility to start a productive project.
“Let them support the
bond…they are people that don’t have financial resources, who served the state
and were arrested on May 9 when they still had permission from Castillo, even
though he denies it, to be armed,” he said.
Sunday, July 3, 2016
Dr. Mireles Will Remain In Prison
Translated by Valor for Borderland Beat
In early 2013, Dr. José Manuel
Mireles Valverde took up arms to repel Los Caballeros Templarios in Michoacán. He helped the federal government by
recovering territories that had been lost to organized crime, but he didn’t accept
to bend to the will of the then Federal Commissioner Alfredo Castillo
Cervantes. It cost him prison in June
2014…and he will remain there.
Dr. José Manuel Mireles Valverde, founder and former leader of the
autodefensas in Michoacán will not leave the federal prison in Hermosillo,
Sonora, where he has been held since June 27, 2014.
Ignacio Mendoza Jiménez, his lawyer, said that measures will be taken
to protect the former leader of the autodefensas in Michoacán regarding this
operative.
Mireles Valverde was sent to prison after having publicly denounced the
collusion between organized crime and the PRI government of Michoacán, then led
by Fausto Vallejo Figueroa. The main
cause of his imprisonment is attributed to the refusal to join the Fuerza Rural
(Rural Force), the police force that Alfredo Castillo Cervantes integrated
According to information by Zeta,
a unitary court in Guadalajara, Jalisco, in aid of federal Michoacán judicial
authorities, confirmed on June 2nd the refusal to order the
dismissal of the criminal case that has kept Dr. José Manuel Mireles imprisoned. The decision was rendered in the auxiliary
logbook 221/2016 by Isidro Avelar Gutiérrez, Judge of the Seventh Circuit Court
of the Auxiliary Unit Center of the Third District, in the state of Jalisco.
The ruling confirmed the decision handed down last January by the Fifth
District Court in the state of Michoacán, based in Uruapan, Michoacán, through
which unfounded the dismissal of the criminal case 137/2014 brought against
Mireles.
The judge ordered the return of the original criminal mention
(158/2016) with the verdict referred to the Second Unitary Court of the
Eleventh Circuit Court based in Morelia, the authority which acted on his aid.
Dr. José Manuel Mireles Valverde will remain imprisoned in the Federal
Social Readaptation Center #11 in Hermosillo.
Mireles, founder of the autodefensas of Tepalcatepec, and other
followers of the movement who were against insecurity and the presence of Los
Caballeros Templarios, were detained on June 27, 2014 in the municipality of Lázaro
Cárdenas in an operation where federal and military forces participated in, because
he was allegedly in possession of weapons and drugs.
Source: Sin Embargo
Monday, June 27, 2016
A Judge in Jalisco Will Have To Determine in 48 Hours If Dr. Mireles Goes Free
Translated by Valor for
Borderland Beat
Ignacio Mendoza Jiménez, lawyer of the leader of the autodefensas in Michoacán,
said that within 48 hours, a judge in the 7th Circuit Court must
decide on his request so that Mireles Valverde can continue his release
process. He ensures that, so far, charges
against Mireles have been unable to stick, not even that of bearing arms,
because of the fact that the autodefensas had the permission from the
government to be armed. He noted that the proof is that in different
operations, they were accompanied by members of the Mexican Army and the
federal police.
Mexico City, June 27,
2016 (SinEmbargo)— In 48 hours, the 7th Circuit Court in Guadalajara
will make a ruling on the legal status of the leader of the autodefensas of Michoacán,
José Manuel Mireles Valverde, who on Monday, completed being imprisoned for two
years.
His lawyer, Ignacio
Mendoza Jiménez, said that on Wednesday, the Judge of the 7th Court,
Isidro Avelar Gutiérrez, will have to issue a ruling on the appeal made by the
defense which asks for the liberation of Mireles Valverde, since they have been
unable to fully prove the crimes for which he is being imprisoned for in the Federal Social Readaptation Center #11 in Hermosillo, Sonora.
“In 48
hours, there will be a hearing to modify the precautionary measure and achieve the
physical liberation of the doctor but not the conclusion of the process,” he
said.
“Since
2013, the Government of the Republic knew autodefensas were forming and there
was no interposition or action to stop them, knowing that not only did they do
activism in the villages to warn of the presence of criminals, but they also
fought them with arms, moreover, they institutionalized them,” the lawyer
stressed.
He added
that for Mireles and the other autodefensa members, there are three grounds for
the exclusion of the crime, so they are not responsible for these acts and
should be free.
He noted that the
record in the process has already proven conclusively that the Mexican
Government gave consent to Mireles Valverde and to all of the autodefensas of Michoacán,
the authorization to keep and bear arms, and even made joint operations with
the Mexican Army and the federal police.
“The Mexican Government granted him and all of the autodefensas in Michoacán
authorization to bear arms. Prior to the
arrival of the Commission [for Security and Integral Development of Michoacán]
a movement emerged in La Ruana, in which, civilians armed themselves and
confronted organized crime, during that time, the Mexican Army accompanied the
autodefensas in operations, and this is documented, they never stopped them and
never told them not to do so,” Mendoza Jiménez said during a news conference.
“The failure of the Federal Government was not using Article 29 of the
Constitution which we call “exceptional state”, which would have provided them
with special laws and the Court would’ve analyzed what was to be done, since
they didn’t, they did everything outside of the legal framework,” he said.
At The Gates Of The Decision
At 2 Years in Prison, Mireles Says He Hasn’t Lost Faith
Translated by Valor for
Borderland Beat
Almost two years after
his arrest, José Manuel Mireles argues that the autodefensas didn’t have any
other choice but to take up arms to fight against organized crime in Michoacán.
“Those responsible for
the violence in Michoacán are the organized crime cartels. Who dictated our way of fighting, was them;
we didn’t have any other choice but to respond in the same way, fire with fire,”
he said in a message recorded from prison.
“We couldn’t go up against a horde of well-armed
murderers, and us with clean hands.”
The former spokesman of
the General Council of Autodefensas in Michoacán noted that for over 12 years,
the government’s fight against crime didn’t give results.
He believed that when
the law contravenes with justice, justice must prevail no matter if it comes
from the people.
“That is why the
autodefensas face off against crime and that is why some of us are prisoners,
but we have no doubt that at the end of our judgements, truth and justice will
prevail, because fixing this kind of slavery is the highest aspiration of all
social fighters,” he said.
For the activist,
imprisoned since June 27, 2014, the struggle of armed civilians prevented
another generation of children and youths from finish their days enslaved to
organized crime or in prison.
The message was
released during a rally that was held on Friday in downtown Morelia to demand
the release of the fellow surgeon who took up arms in 2013.
Mireles was arrested after
entering the community of La Mira, in the municipality of Lázaro Cárdenas, with
his men, in order to take control of security against the criminal siege of Los
Caballeros Templarios.
The activist was
charged with crimes against health and the Federal Law on Firearms and
Explosives, being held in the maximum security prison in Hermosillo, Sonora.
Monday, June 13, 2016
Mireles Will Be Freed This Month Lawyer Says
By: Milton
Martínez | Translated by Valor for Borderland Beat
In a period of four to
20 days, José Manuel Mireles Valverde, former autodefensa leader of
Tepalcatepec, Michoacán, will be released; according to his lawyer, Javier
Livas Cantú.
The litigant said that
after the withdrawal of the judicial review that was announced last Friday by
the Attorney General’s Office (PGR), the writ of protection 52/2014 allowed Dr.
Mireles to no longer be “hampered” by the federal authority.
“The only thing still
pending is for the issue of the doctor to go down to the Tenth District Court—based
in Uruapan, Michoacán—and to consider the effects of the protection, in order
to rule on a new resolution, a judicial decree of formal freedom,” he explained.
The former autodefensa
is imprisoned in the federal prison in Hermosillo, Sonora, along with his
bodyguards, since June 30, 2014, accused of bearing arms for the exclusive use
of the Mexican Army and crimes against health.
“As Mireles’ defense, I
am very positive because it is very rare for the procurator, Arely Gómez, to
offer this type of withdrawal and to send a very clear message that the PGR no
longer has a perverse interest and the case is being seen with new eyes,” he
said.
Livas Cantú met with
representatives of the media after visiting Dr. Mireles, where he explained the
legal developments in the case that has kept him imprisoned.
When questioned about
the future that awaits Mireles once he is released, he shouted: “In Monterrey,
we have big plans for him.”
Separately, the lawyer
of the autodefensas, Talía Vázquez, said that Mireles and his bodyguards would
leave the prison next week.
Monday, May 2, 2016
Faced With Insecurity, More Autodefensas Begin Arising In Sonora & Morelos
 |
| Archive photo |
Translated by Valor for Borderland Beat
With the increase of
incidents of common crimes and the inaction from officials to fight against
insecurity, citizens of Sonora and Morelos are beginning to organize themselves
in order to confront criminals.
Morelos:
Members of 11 citizen
groups, from eight municipalities of the eastern region, meeting in Yecapixtla,
decided to give an ultimatum to the state government to restore security to
their families, whose lives have been disrupted with the waves of executions,
extortions, robberies, and kidnappings registered in the area.
Since the weekend, they
gave the head of the state, Graco Ramírez, 30 days to put a stop to these
crimes, which have become constant in the municipalities in the East, according
to members of Grupo Relámpago, an
organization that the residents of Tetela Del Volcán formed to defend
themselves, officially recognized by the authorities.
Sunday, May 1, 2016
Guerrero: Autodefensas Begin Forming To Tackle Organized Crime & Federal Police
By: Ángel Galeana | Translated by
Valor for Borderland Beat
The mayors of San
Miguel Totolapan and Copalillo warned that the residents of their
municipalities have begun to organize themselves in order to create autodefensa
and community police groups with the intent to tackle organized crime, and the
federal police.
Interviewed separately
on the premises of Casa Guerrero, they reported that the residents of their
municipalities are creating civilian police forces, as has happened in other
municipalities in the state, although for different purposes.
The PRD mayor of San
Miguel Totolapan, Juan Mendoza Acosta, said that residents of the municipal
capital have begun meetings to create autodefensa groups “against the federal
police” because the people are outraged by their actions, and he said that he
will participate, bearing a weapon.
—“Is there a
possibility of creating an autodefensa group in your municipality?”-He was
asked.
—“Of course there is,
look, the people are outraged, they’re outraged with the federal police, which
is in charge of the Department of Public Safety in the municipality, the truth
is, they’re not doing their role as they should, the people are outraged with
them, and they are the first ones who are going to arm themselves against them,”
he said.
He also added that
federal police detain people with arrest warrants, but then they free them “and
the people are against that, and they have a reason to, I am supporting the
citizens, the truth is, I agree that this needs to be eliminated.”
—Are you going to arm
yourself?
Sunday, April 24, 2016
Michoacán: 3 Former Autodefensas Executed
By: Julio César Aguirre/Quadratín; Red 113 Michoacán |
Translated by Valor for Borderland Beat
Apatzingán,
Michoacán, April 23, 2016— Three men traveling onboard a truck and who were
about to pull out of a gas station in Cuatro Caminos were massacred by a group
of heavily armed men. The dead were allegedly
former autodefensas of the city of Apatzingán, according to reports from the
authorities at the scene. Two of the men
died on site while the other one died on the way to the hospital. The former autodefensas were armed with
AK-47’s.
It
was learned that around 6:00 hours, a Chevrolet Silverado, with California
license plates, was pulling out of the gas station Mafer, located at kilometer 153 in the Siglo XXI Freeway, however only managed to move a few meters before
being intercepted by the armed group.
The armed group sprayed them with bullets at close range.
Members
of the federal police arrived at the scene and cordoned off the area. Minutes later, personnel from the Regional
Prosecutor’s Office of Apatzingán arrived, who conducted the removal of the
bodies and collected dozens of spent shell casings of different calibers.
Wednesday, April 6, 2016
The Reappearance of Autodefensas in Michoacán
 |
| Archive photo |
By: Francisco Castellanos J. | Translated by Valor for Borderland Beat
“The society is fed up
again with the government: the arrests of social leaders, such as the CENTE, of
students, the 17 women of Múgica protesting today for the change of the City of
Women approved by the BID for this zone.
The arrest, first of four classmates who were accused of being
criminals, and then 17 more for protesting, in Úspero, for the gradual
executions of autodefensas, of civilians, of paying dues; these were the
reasons that triggered the decision to rise up again in arms and to ‘go up
against the government at any cost’.”
This is the way several
commanders expressed themselves, those that still remain in the areas of Coalcomán,
Chinicuila, la Costa, Zamora, Jiquilpan, Sahuayo, Tancítaro, Pátzcuaro, Ario de
Rosales, Los Reyes, Peribán, Yurécuaro, Aguililla, and 20 other more cities in
the state.
Identified as “El
Dorado”, the commander said that the current government led by Silvano Aureoles,
is allowing another cartel to work, he doesn’t reveal which one, but they’re
like Los Templarios, in executions, decapitations with messages, extortions,
collecting of quotas, blankets announcing their presence, kidnappings, etc.
“A council of
commanders and people who supported the first movement of February 24, 2013,
after several meetings with merchants, producers, small manufacturers, not big
ones, decided to reunite and soon we will rise up in arms again in order to
liberate our people from organized crime.”
“Soon, Aureoles and the
federal government of Enrique Peña Nieto will have their ‘little party’, it
seems that there is no other way for those who hold power granted to them by
the people; they don’t understand any other way besides violence and weapons.”
“This time we are
better prepared and we are going to give them a lot of headaches, publish it,
that’s why we called you, because we already know you and your media, you
followed us in the shootouts, arrests, the taking of towns, and you always
published the truth,” that’s why we called you, said another commander of Tancítaro.
Wednesday, March 2, 2016
Green Light Given For Mireles’ Prison Transfer
Translated by Valor for Borderland Beat
The Michoacán government
gave the green light for the transfer of José Manuel Mireles from the federal
prison in Hermosillo, Sonora to the David Franco Rodríguez Prison (Mil Cumbres)
in Morelia.
Michoacán Governor Silvano
Aureoles confirmed in an interview that the judge handling the case already
requested information from the state authorities about space availability, so
that the transfer of the former autodefensa leader can be realized. However, Aureoles said that the case and
Mireles’ transfer to Michoacán is in the hands of the Fifth District Court based
in the city of Uruapan.
The governor revealed
that “they requested authorization from us or the approval for the transfer to
the prison, we responded that we have no objection, and it’s going to be up to
the judge to decide.”
Nicolás Mendoza
Jiménez, Mireles’ lawyer, was the one who promoted the transfer on the grounds
of the deteriorating health of the former leader of the autodefensas in Michoacán.
Mireles was detained in
the municipality of Lázaro Cárdenas on June 27 2014, charged with the crime of
carrying arms for the exclusive use of the armed forces.
Source: Proceso
